correction cours semaine 25/11
1) Describe the following picture.
This is a black and white photo. It was taken around Johannesburg ( South Africa) in the 1950s. It shows two black men, walking on the roadside. We can hardly see their face since they are standing their backs on us. But the focus of attention is not these two men but a huge sign which reads: Caution, beware of Natives.
The message of this sign is utterly disturbing. The natives in question are the black people who live in the area and they are compared to wild animals. Indeed, we can easily imagine such a message in a game reserve such as the Kruger Park, except that it would read " beware of wild animals".
The aim of the photographer was certainly to raise awareness about the way coloured people were treated in South Africa, to tell the world that the Apartheid regime was an awful and unfair one.
2) Read the laws below. They were all implemented under the apartheid regime.
Use the grammar lessons on the following website to write what coloured people were allowed to do, what they were prohibited to do...
Below are some of the laws enforced during the Apartheid, many which complet! ely disregarded human rights by denying non-whites a good education, the right to vote, and the right to own land, to name a few examples.
1949-Act No 55, Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act:
Prohibited marriages between white people and non-white people.
Interracial marriages were not allowed.
Non-white people were forbidden to marry white people.
1950- Act No 21, Immorality Amendment Act:
Prohibited adultery between white and non-white people.
It was illegal for whites and non-whites to have sex.
1950- Act No 30, Population Registration Act:
Required every South African to be racially classified.
Every one in South Africa had to be classified as white, black...
1950-Act No 41, Group Areas Act:
Forced separation between races through the creation of residential areas designated for certain races.
Non-whites were not allowed to live/ could not live where they wanted.
Non-whites had to live where they were told to.
1950-Act No 44, Suppression of Communism Act:
Outlawed communism and the Community Party in South Africa. The definition of communism was very basic; it included anything the called for a radical change in how the government worked.
This law made it illegal to be a communist in South Africa.
People were not allowed to belong to the Communist Party .
The Communist Party was forbidden in South Africa.
1951-Act No 27, Bantu Building Workers Act
Prevented black Africans from performing skilled work in any areas except those designated for black occupation.
Black people were forced to do the jobs white people said they could do.
Black people could not choose their jobs
Black people were forbidden to perform the jobs they wanted.
1951-Act No 46, Separate Representation of Voters Act:
Led to the removal of Coloureds from the common voters' roll.
Coloured people could not/ were not allowed to/ were forbidden to vote.
1951-Act No 52, Prevention of Illegal Squatting Act:
Gave the Minister of Native Affairs the ability to displace blacks from public and privately owned land and to place them in resettlement camps.
Black people could be removed from the place they lived in, even if they owned it.
1951-Act No 68, Bantu Authorities Act:
Created black homelands, regional authorities and abolished the Native Representative Council. !
It made it possible for black people to be deported in areas chosen by the government or the regional authorities.
1952-Natives Laws Amendment Act:
Limited the amount of blacks who could have permanent residence in towns to those who had been born in a town and had lived or been employed there continuously for no less than 15 years.
Black people who were not born in town and who had not lived or been employed continuously for 15 years, were forbidden to live in towns.
1952-Act No 67, Natives (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act:
Forced black people to carry identification (which included a photograph, place of origin, employment record, tax payments, and encounters with the police) at all times.
Black people had to carry some ID permanently.
Black people were compelled to carry their ID permanently.
1953-Native Labour (Settlement of Disputes) Act:
Prohibited black people to go on strike.
Black people were forbidden to go on strike.
1953-Act No 47, Bantu Education Act:
Established a Black Education Department compiled a curriculum suited to the "nature and requirements of the black people". The aim of this law was to prevent black Africans from receiving an education that would allow them to work in positions that they were not allowed to hold under the previous Apartheid laws.
Black children were denied the rights to receive the same education as white children.
1953-Act No 49, Reservation of Separate Amenities Act:
Enacted segregation in all public areas including buildings and public transport. 1956-Act
It made it illegal for coloured people to use the same public transport
No 64, Natives (Prohibition of Interdicts) Act:
Denied black people the ability to appeal to the courts if they were forcefully removed.
If people were forced to leave the place where they lived, they were not allowed to appeal to the courts.
1959-Act No 34, Bantu Investment Corporation Act:
Created financial, commercial, and industrial schemes in the areas designated for black people.
Black people could not work in companies of their choice. They could only work, buy things in specially designated business.
1959-Act 45, Extension of University Education Act:
Prevented black students from attending white Universities.
Black students were forced to/ compelled to/ had to attend black universities.
Black students were denied the right to attend black universities.
1959 -Act No 46, Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act:
Classified black people into eight ethnic groups. Each group had a Commissioner-General who was appointed to create a homeland. In turn, each homeland would be able govern itself without white intervention.
This act made it compulsory to classify people in 8 ehtnic groups.
1967-Terrorism Act:
Create BOSS, the Bureau of State Security which was responsible for the internal security of South Africa. It also allowed indefinite detention without trial.
It made it possible for the police to hold people in indefinite detention without even being tried.
1970-Bantu Homelands Citizens Act:
Removed black South African citizenship and required all black people to become a citizen of the homeland designated for his/her ethnic group.
This act deprived black people of the South African nationality. Instead, they had to become citizens of the place they were ordered to go.